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高考英语复习时要注意的【特殊句式】整理

来源:热心网友     时间:2019-01-17     

高考英语考试经常考察一些句式,对于一些特殊的句式大家要下功夫掌握,下面学大教育为大家带来高考英语复习时要注意的【特殊句式】整理,希望大家能够认真掌握。

全部倒装

1.There be句型:可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外,还可用live,exist,remain,stand等作谓语。例如:

(1)There are many students in the classroom.

(2)Long long ago,there lived a king who loved horses very much.

2.用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。例如:

Here comes the bus.Out went the children.

3.由then引起,谓语为come,follow的句子。例如:

(1)Then came a new difficulty.

(2)Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.

4.当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时,也常常引起全部倒装。例如:

In the middle of our school stands a high building.

5.表语放在句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。例如:

(1)Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.

(2)Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.

6.表语放在句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。例如:

(1)Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.

(2)Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.

部分倒装句

1.only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首。

例如:Only then did I realize the importance of English.

注意:①在only+状语从句+主句结构中,主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。

Only when you have finished your homework can you go to the cinema.

②only修饰主语,不倒装。Only Tom knows how to deal with the tough situation.

2.否定词(短语)开头的句子:

表示否定意义的副词never,nor,neither;

表示半否定意义的副词hardly,few,seldom,little;

含有no和not的词组by no means(绝不),in no time(很快),at no time(在任何时候都不),not until,not only…but also...,no sooner...than

(1)Never shall I believe you again.(2)Little did he know who the woman was.(3)Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

3.以so开头,用“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表明前面叙述的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或物,译作“也,同样,也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物,用“neither或nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”。译作“也不是,也没有”。例如:The boy left home,and so did his sister a week later.-I don’t think I can walk any further.—Neither can I.Let’s stop for a rest.

注意:当so表示对前句内容的肯定、附和或进一步强调前面所说的情况,译作“的确,正是”时,用正常语序。例如:—Tom works hard.—So he does and so do you.

4.如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were,should,had,可以把if省略,而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。例如:If there should be a flood,what would we do?→Should there be a flood,what would we do?

5.频度副词及短语often,always,now and then,many a time,every other day等放在句首时,有时也倒装。例如:Many a time has he come to comfort me.

6.某些表示祝愿的句子也用倒装语序。例如:May you succeed!

省略句

1.如果复合句中的时间、条件、原因状语从句用了主语+be+分词结构,且主、从句主语一致时,可省略从句的连接词、主语和be动词,只保留分词和其他成分。例如:

Lost in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.(Lost in thought为As he was lost in thought的省略)

2.如复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复的话,从句的句尾可省略。例如:

(1)Li Lei will play football if Mike will(play football).

(2)Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won’t(sweep the floor).

3.在回答问句及其他形式的答语中,如有和上文重复的不定式时,在答语中只保留其不定式符号to,而把动词和其他部分省略。例如:

—I’ll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

—Not at all.I’d be happy to.(I’d be happy to后省略了look after your cat)

4.在英语中,有一些特殊的省略结构,如:What/How about...?Why not do...?等实际上已形成了习惯用法。例如:—I usually go there by train.—Why not try going by boat for a change?

反意疑问句

1、复合句的反意疑问句

当陈述部分是“I’m sure,I’m afraid,I don’t think(suppose,expect,imagine,believe等)+宾语从句”结构时,附加问句应与从句主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。

例如:I’m sure that he is late for school,isn’t he?I don’t think she cares,does she?

2、情态动词反意疑问句

(1)陈述部分中有have和had to,附加疑问句部分通常用do的相应形式代替。例如:You have to get up early tomorrow to catch the first bus,don't you?

(2)陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must;陈述部分中的must表示“一定、想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分则是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。

例如:You mustn't walk on the grass,must you?

You must be very thirsty,aren’t you?(对想在情况的推测)

It must have snowed last night,didn’t it?(对过去情况的推测)

(3)陈述部分是I wish,表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。例如:I wish to see you again,may I?

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